The Provincial Allocation System in Chinese College Entrance Examinations: A Comparative Study

The available data for the current situation of admission process were analyzed by Chinese province as one of the characteristics of the college entrance examination system in China. The analysis aims to clarify the actual situation of disparities by province, which was often pointed out in previous related studies. As a result, the following three points were identified. First, even if the same exam questions were used in highly selective universities, differences in average passing score rate can be seen among the provinces. Moreover, these differences were almost fixed and did not depend on the year. Therefore, as one of the causes, we consider that each province has differences in the education level. Second, the quota allocation did not correspond to the number of examinees in each province; therefore, the quota system itself may create a gap. This is a serious problem because this obstacle cannot be overcome by students’ efforts. Third, students of provinces that prepare their own exam questions tend to have the advantage in the selection process. Because the exam questions were created independently, it is not possible to easily compare the difficulty of the test questions with those of other provinces, which avoids some criticisms. Most of the provinces that have created their own exam questions are the advanced Chinese provinces with many universities, including highly selective and prestigious universities. These prestigious universities could be entered more easily by allocating capacity to the local students

汗の主要抗原であるMGL_1304 に、肥満細胞や好塩基球を活性化することなく結合するヒトモノクローナルIgE 抗体の同定

広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(医学)Doctor of Philosophy in Medical Sciencedoctora

Fatores de resiliência e vulnerabilidade em modelos animais de depressão

Orientador : Bruno Jacson MartynhakTrabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciências Biológicas. Curso de Graduação em Biomedicina

A privacy by design approach to lifelogging

Technologies that enable us to capture and publish data with ease are likely to pose new concerns about privacy of the individual. In this article we exam- ine the privacy implications of lifelogging, a new concept being explored by early adopters, which utilises wearable devices to generate a media rich archive of their life experience. The concept of privacy and the privacy implications of lifelogging are presented and discussed in terms of the four key actors in the lifelogging uni- verse. An initial privacy-aware lifelogging framework, based on the key principles of privacy by design is presented and motivated

Awareness and correlates of the role of physical activity in breast cancer prevention among Japanese women: results from an internet-based cross-sectional survey

BACKGROUND: Although considerable evidence has demonstrated that physical activity is associated with breast cancer prevention, few studies have assessed the level of awareness of this association. Awareness is a key first step to successful of behavior change. Increasing awareness may contribute to promote physical activity and prevent breast cancer at the population level. The present study examined the prevalence and correlates of awareness about the role of physical activity in breast cancer prevention among Japanese women. METHODS: 1,000 Japanese women aged 20–69 years (mean age: 44.3 ± 13.4 years) who responded to an internet-based cross-sectional survey. Awareness of the role of physical activity in breast cancer prevention, knowledge of breast cancer (symptom, risk factor, screening), exposure to information about physical activity and cancer, a self-reported physical activity, and sociodemographic variables (age, marital status, having a child, education level, employment status, and household income) were obtained. Force-entry logistic regression analysis was used. RESULTS: The prevalence of awareness was 31.5% (95% CI: 28.6-34.4). Factors significantly associated with awareness included sociodemographic variables, exposure to information, and knowledge of breast cancer. Being married (AOR, 95% CI: 1.75, 1.05–2.92) was positively related to awareness, while having children (0.65, 0.36–0.86) was negatively related. College graduates or those with higher levels of education (1.50, 1.01–2.22) were significantly more likely to be aware than those who had not graduated high school. Moreover, exposure to information (2.11, 1.51–2.95), and high knowledge of symptoms (2.43, 1.75–3.36) were positively associated with awareness. Finally, low knowledge of risk factors (0.30, 0.22–0.40) was negatively associated with awareness. CONCLUSIONS: Japanese women through internet-based study were poorly aware of the role of physical activity in breast cancer prevention. Awareness was especially low among individuals with children and higher knowledge of risk factors whereas high in married women, those with higher educational level, exposure to information, and greater knowledge of symptoms. The findings suggest that strategies to increase the awareness about the preventive role of physical activity are needed for breast cancer prevention in consideration of subgroups with low awareness